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A.U. cartilage behavior, it is used to avoid the greater complexity of the more realistic models when desired, or in situations when experimental conditions make more detailed experimental testing of the cartilage impractical. The compressive stiffness of an elastic material is traditionally characterized by its Young's modulus. 0000246650 00000 n With the microsphere tips, the average modulus was approximately 2.6 MPa, in agreement with available millimeter-scale data, whereas with the sharp pyramidal tips, it was typically 100-fold lower. A method was developed to measure the dynamic elastic modulus, |E(*)|, in compression by indentation-type atomic force microscopy (IT AFM). Request PDF | Effect of indenter size on elastic modulus of cartilage measured by indentation | Our preliminary indentation experiments showed that the equilibrium elastic modulus … Spatial mapping of the collagen distribution in human and mouse tissues by force volume atomic force microscopy. CDK9 INHIBITION ATTENUATES INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND APOPTOSIS IN CARTILAGE EXPLANTS TO PRESERVE … Schematic representation of a load-indentation curve during the first complete cycle of loading and unloading. compressive modulus can reach up to 100–500 MPa (Martin et al. In contrast to cartilage, measurements made on agarose gels, a much more molecularly amorphous biomaterial, resulted in the same average modulus for both indentation tips. The bone (issue modulus was reduced by 60% in the medial condyle of the cases with cartilage damage compared to the control specimens. CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): ABSTRACT Cartilage stiffness wasmeasured ex vivo at the micrometer and nanometer scales to explore structure-mechanical property relationships at smaller scales than has been done previously. 0000327516 00000 n 4: Force versus indentation curves derived from a cell, fitted with the Hertz model. Mechanical testing demonstrated that, under compression, the new composite hydrogel has an elastic modulus similar to cartilage and exhibits the same time-dependent mechanical response. 0000020610 00000 n In contrast, digestion of the proteoglycans moiety by cathepsin D had little effect on |E(*)| at the micrometer scale, but yielded a clear stiffening at the nanometer scale. Relationship among biomechanical, biochemical, and cellular changes associated with osteoarthritis. elastic modulus for cartilage suggests that one of the Kempson, G.E., Mechanical properties of articular cartilage. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. The compressive stiffness of an elastic material is traditionally characterized by its Young's modulus. We tested cartilage on the medial femoral condyle and lateral femoral condyle of seven C57Bl6 mice at different ages (2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 17 weeks old) using a micro-indentation test. SEM and AFM methods were applied to visualize a topography of surface layers of the entire cartilage and as well as its slices and thus to reveal features of the collagen fibers orientation. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Furthermore, Silver et al. An aspect-ratio (the ratio of indenter radius to cartilage thickness) correction improved the correlation of the indenter force with the equilibrium Young's modulus from r2 =0.488 to r2 =0.642–0.648 (n =30) for the plane-ended indenter (diameter=1.000 mm, height=0.300 mm) and from r2 =0.654 to r2 =0.684–0.692 (n =30) for the spherical-ended indenter (diameter=0.500 … Would you like email updates of new search results? Young's modulus of articular cartilage can be directly measured using unconfined compression geometry by assuming the cartilage to be homogeneous and isotropic. Previous Article The role of tetraspanin Cd9 in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The modulus for the calcified cartilage was more than an order of magnitude lower than the modulus of the underlying subchondral bone. FIGURE 6 Load-displacement curves comparing the response of articular cartilage before and after enzymatic digestion with cathepsin D (A and B) and elastase (C). FIGURE 8 Histograms and corresponding Gaussian distribution curves for (A) 1024 stiffness measurements at a given site, i.e., at scan size 0, and (B) 1024 stiffness measurements at multiple sites spaced evenly over a 5 3 5 mm area. Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 15;11(1):1626. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80599-1. Keywords: Cartilage, Collagen fiber, Elastic modulus, Micro-scale, Nano-scale, Weight-bearing Background Articular cartilage is an important weight-bearing struc- See this image and copyright information in PMC. 0000001180 00000 n 0000008319 00000 n 1998). Schematic representation of a load-indentation…, Schematic representation of a load-indentation curve during the first complete cycle of loading…, Plots of representative data used to develop a calibration curve for the direct…, Load-displacement curves of articular cartilage…, Load-displacement curves of articular cartilage recorded with ( A ) a sharp AFM…, Comparison of the structure of ( A ) an agarose gel (2.5% agarose)…, AFM images of native articular cartilage imaged in buffer using the microspherical tip:…, Load-displacement curves comparing the response…, Load-displacement curves comparing the response of articular cartilage before and after enzymatic digestion…, ( A ) Histograms and corresponding Gaussian distribution curves for repeated stiffness measurements…, Histograms and corresponding Gaussian distribution…, Histograms and corresponding Gaussian distribution curves for ( A ) 1024 stiffness measurements…, NLM 0000008801 00000 n An ultrasonic technique and microtensile testing were used to determine the Young's modulus of individual trabeculae and micro-specimens of cortical bone cut to similar size as individual trabeculae. The equivalent modulus ranged 0.5–17.3 MPa, and the tensile strength ranged 0.7–8.3 MPa. Popko et al. Plots of representative data used to develop a calibration curve for the direct conversion of IT AFM load-displacement curves into modulus values. elastic modulus for cartilage suggests that one of the Kempson, G.E., Mechanical properties of articular cartilage. Calò A, Romin Y, Srouji R, Zambirinis CP, Fan N, Santella A, Feng E, Fujisawa S, Turkekul M, Huang S, Simpson AL, D'Angelica M, Jarnagin WR, Manova-Todorova K. Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 24;10(1):15664. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72564-9. The equilibrium elastic modulus of bovine patellar cartilage measured by indentation depends on tip size. This appears to be an inherent feature of indentation of cartilage, perhaps due to its inhomogeneous structure. 0000009290 00000 n The elastic modulus allows you to determine how a given material will respond to Stress. 0000331337 00000 n AU - Mente, P. L. AU - Lewis, J. L. PY - 1994/9. 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